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´óÏóÊÓƵResearch Studies

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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by ´óÏóÊÓƵor authored by ´óÏóÊÓƵresearchers.

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1 to 15 of 15 Research Studies Displayed
Cullen D, Abel D, Attridge M
Exploring the gap: food insecurity and resource engagement.
Researchers investigated participant interest in referral and engagement with resources provided by pediatric health care institutions implementing food insecurity (FI) screens. They found that, through hospital-community partnership in an initial attempt to screen and offer direct-referral for FI, they elicited considerable interest among families for connection to resource agencies. However, there was a substantial gap between referral acceptance and ultimate connection with the resource agency.
AHRQ-funded; HS026116.
Citation: Cullen D, Abel D, Attridge M . Exploring the gap: food insecurity and resource engagement. Acad Pediatr 2021 Apr;21(3):440-45. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.08.005..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Nutrition, Social Determinants of Health
Brewster AL, Fraze TK, Gottlieb LM
The role of value-based payment in promoting innovation to address social risks: a cross-sectional study of social risk screening by US physicians.
The authors studied the conditions under which value-based payment will encourage health care providers to innovate to address upstream social risks. Their results indicated that implementation of social risk screening was not associated with overall exposure to value-based payment for physician practices. They recommended expanding social risk screening in order to reduce the level of innovative capacity required.
AHRQ-funded; HS024075.
Citation: Brewster AL, Fraze TK, Gottlieb LM . The role of value-based payment in promoting innovation to address social risks: a cross-sectional study of social risk screening by US physicians. Milbank Q 2020 Dec;98(4):1114-33. doi: 10.1111/1468-0009.12480..
Keywords: Payment, Social Determinants of Health, Practice Patterns, Vulnerable Populations, Screening, Risk, Nutrition
Fraze TK, Brewster AL, Lewis VA
Prevalence of screening for food insecurity, housing instability, utility needs, transportation needs, and interpersonal violence by US physician practices and hospitals.
The purpose of this study was to characterize screening for social needs by physician practices and hospitals. The authors indicated that their study's findings suggest: that few US physician practices and hospitals screen patients for all 5 key social needs associated with health outcomes; that practices that serve disadvantaged patients reported higher screening rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS024075.
Citation: Fraze TK, Brewster AL, Lewis VA . Prevalence of screening for food insecurity, housing instability, utility needs, transportation needs, and interpersonal violence by US physician practices and hospitals. JAMA Netw Open 2019 Sep 4;2(9):e1911514. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.11514..
Keywords: Domestic Violence, Nutrition, Practice Patterns, Screening, Social Determinants of Health, Vulnerable Populations
Sonik RA, Parish SL, Mitra M
Food insecurity patterns before and after initial receipt of Supplemental Security Income.
The objective of this study was to assess patterns of food insecurity before and after initial receipt of Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits. The investigators concluded that food insecurity rose prior to SSI entry but may be alleviated by programme benefits. They suggest that greater nutritional supports for SSI applicants awaiting decisions may reduce the burden of food insecurity in this population and improve health outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS026317.
Citation: Sonik RA, Parish SL, Mitra M . Food insecurity patterns before and after initial receipt of Supplemental Security Income. Public Health Nutr 2019 Jul;22(10):1909-13. doi: 10.1017/s1368980019000570..
Keywords: Nutrition, Low-Income, Disabilities, Vulnerable Populations, Social Determinants of Health
Sonik RA, Parish SL, Mitra M
Association of health status with receipt of supplemental security income among individuals with severe disabilities and very low income and assets.
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a cash-transfer program for individuals with severe disabilities and very low incomes and assets. The investigators analyzed data from the first 12 waves of the 2008 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation. They found that there was a sharp decline in health status among eventual SSI recipients in the year before program entry and a modest improvement and stabilization in health status after entry. The investigators also discuss the limitations and implications of their study.
AHRQ-funded; HS026317.
Citation: Sonik RA, Parish SL, Mitra M . Association of health status with receipt of supplemental security income among individuals with severe disabilities and very low income and assets. JAMA Intern Med 2019 Jun;179(6):842-43. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.8609..
Keywords: Health Status, Vulnerable Populations, Nutrition, Disabilities, Social Determinants of Health
Phillips AZ, Rodriguez HP
Adults with diabetes residing in "food swamps" have higher hospitalization rates.
This study examined the relationship between ‘food swamps’ and hospitalization rates among adults with diabetes. Food Swamps are defined and measured by a ratio of fast food outlets to grocery stores within a given area. Data resources for this study included the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association Community Health Management Hub(R), AHRQ’s Health Care Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases, and HHS’s Area Health Resources File. The study concludes that higher hospitalization rates among adults with diabetes are significantly associated with food swamps, more so in rural than urban communities, and that improvements to local food environments may help to reduce this disparity.
AHRQ-funded; HS022241.
Citation: Phillips AZ, Rodriguez HP . Adults with diabetes residing in "food swamps" have higher hospitalization rates. Health Serv Res 2019 Feb;54(Suppl 1):217-25. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13102..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Diabetes, Disparities, Nutrition, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Social Determinants of Health
Gorski Findling MT, Wolfson JA, Rimm EB
Differences in the neighborhood retail food environment and obesity among US children and adolescents by SNAP participation.
The authors sought to understand the association between children's neighborhood food access and overweight/obesity in a national sample of US households, and whether this association differs by Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation or household purchases. Using data from the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey, 2012-2013, they found that the odds of childhood overweight/obesity were higher with greater access to combination grocery/other stores overall and for children in SNAP. Eligible non-SNAP children had higher odds of overweight/obesity with greater access to convenience stores. The average child lived in a household with 6.3% of total spending at food outlets on sugary beverages. They concluded that greater neighborhood access to combination grocery/other stores is associated with higher obesity prevalence for children overall and those in SNAP.
AHRQ-funded; HS000055.
Citation: Gorski Findling MT, Wolfson JA, Rimm EB . Differences in the neighborhood retail food environment and obesity among US children and adolescents by SNAP participation. Obesity 2018 Jun;26(6):1063-71. doi: 10.1002/oby.22184.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Low-Income, Nutrition, Obesity, Social Determinants of Health
Buys DR, Kennedy RE, Williams CP
Social and demographic predictors of nutritional risk: cross-sectional analyses from the UAB Study of Aging II.
Social factors may disparately affect access to food and nutritional risk among older adults by race and gender. This study assesses these associations using the Mini Nutritional Assessment among 414 community-dwelling persons 75+ years of age in Alabama. Multivariable analyses indicated that social factors affect nutritional risk differently by race and gender. Nutritional risk interventions are warranted for older adults.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Buys DR, Kennedy RE, Williams CP . Social and demographic predictors of nutritional risk: cross-sectional analyses from the UAB Study of Aging II. Fam Community Health 2018 Apr/Jun;41 Suppl 2 Suppl, Food Insecurity and Obesity:S33-s45. doi: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000180.
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Keywords: Elderly, Nutrition, Obesity, Risk, Social Determinants of Health
Derose KP, Rios-Castillo I, Fulcar MA
Severe food insecurity is associated with overweight and increased body fat among people living with HIV in the Dominican Republic.
To explore the association between food insecurity and overweight and obesity among PLHIV in the Dominican Republic, the researchers conducted a cross-sectional study of 160 HIV-infected adults between March-December 2012. After controlling for age, gender, income, having children at home, education, and anti-retroviral therapy status, severe food insecurity was associated with increased body mass index (BMI) and body fat.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Derose KP, Rios-Castillo I, Fulcar MA . Severe food insecurity is associated with overweight and increased body fat among people living with HIV in the Dominican Republic. AIDS Care 2018 Feb;30(2):182-90. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2017.1348597.
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Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Nutrition, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Social Determinants of Health
Derose KP, Payan DD, Fulcar MA
Factors contributing to food insecurity among women living with HIV in the Dominican Republic: a qualitative study.
The researchers examined factors contributing to food insecurity among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in the Dominican Republic (DR). Respondents identified economic instability as the primary driver of food insecurity, precipitated by enacted stigma in the labor and social domains. Women described experiences of HIV-related labor discrimination in formal and informal sectors.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Derose KP, Payan DD, Fulcar MA . Factors contributing to food insecurity among women living with HIV in the Dominican Republic: a qualitative study. PLoS One 2017 Jul 25;12(7):e0181568. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181568.
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Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Nutrition, Patient Safety, Social Stigma, Social Determinants of Health
Fiechtner L, Kleinman K, Melly SJ
Effects of proximity to supermarkets on a randomized trial studying interventions for obesity.
To determine whether proximity to a supermarket modified the effects of an obesity intervention, the researchers examined distance to the closest supermarket as an effect modifier.They concluded that living closer to a supermarket is associated with greater improvements in fruit and vegetable intake and weight status in an obesity intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Fiechtner L, Kleinman K, Melly SJ . Effects of proximity to supermarkets on a randomized trial studying interventions for obesity. Am J Public Health 2016 Mar;106(3):557-62. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2015.302986.
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Keywords: Obesity, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Social Determinants of Health, Behavioral Health
Waehrer G, Deb P, Decker SL
´óÏóÊÓƵAuthor: Decker SL
Did the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act affect dietary intake of low-income individuals?
This paper examines the relationship between increased Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits following the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) and the diet quality of individuals from SNAP-eligible compared to ineligible (those with somewhat higher income). In the full sample, we find that these increases in SNAP benefits are not associated with changes in nutrient intake and diet quality.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Waehrer G, Deb P, Decker SL . Did the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act affect dietary intake of low-income individuals? Econ Hum Biol 2015 Dec;19:170-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2015.08.006..
Keywords: Nutrition, Social Determinants of Health, Low-Income, Vulnerable Populations
Whittle HJ, Palar K, Napoles T
Experiences with food insecurity and risky sex among low-income people living with HIV/AIDS in a resource-rich setting.
The researchers investigated the perceived effects of food insecurity on risky sexual behaviors among a population of low-income people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) in San Francisco and Alameda County, California. Their study demonstrated that food insecurity contributes to transactional and unprotected sex among urban poor individuals in a resource-rich setting, including among men who have sex with men.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Whittle HJ, Palar K, Napoles T . Experiences with food insecurity and risky sex among low-income people living with HIV/AIDS in a resource-rich setting. J Int AIDS Soc 2015 Nov 4;18:20293. doi: 10.7448/ias.18.1.20293..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Low-Income, Social Determinants of Health
Whittle HJ, Palar K, Hufstedler LL
Food insecurity, chronic illness, and gentrification in the San Francisco Bay Area: an example of structural violence in United States public policy.
This study sought to explore the experiences and structural determinants of food insecurity among a group of low-income PLHIV in the San Francisco Bay Area. It found that the lived experience of food insecurity among participants included periods of insufficient quantity of food and resultant hunger, as well as long-term struggles with quality of food that led to concerns about the poor health effects of a cheap diet.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Whittle HJ, Palar K, Hufstedler LL . Food insecurity, chronic illness, and gentrification in the San Francisco Bay Area: an example of structural violence in United States public policy. Soc Sci Med 2015 Oct;143:154-61. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.08.027..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Policy, Social Determinants of Health, Nutrition, Vulnerable Populations
Lyles CR, Schafer AL, Seligman HK
Income, food insecurity, and osteoporosis among older adults in the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
The researchers investigated osteoporosis and low socioeconomic status (SES). They concluded that income and food insecurity may have significant implications not just for immediate nutritional outcomes, but also for conditions such as osteoporosis that develop over the lifespan.
AHRQ-funded; HS022408.
Citation: Lyles CR, Schafer AL, Seligman HK . Income, food insecurity, and osteoporosis among older adults in the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). J Health Care Poor Underserved 2014 Nov;25(4):1530-41. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2014.0174.
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Keywords: Elderly, Nutrition, Osteoporosis, Social Determinants of Health, Low-Income

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