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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by 大象视频or authored by 大象视频researchers.

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1 to 25 of 117 Research Studies Displayed
Clark NM, Hernandez AH, Knowlton LM
Pre- and postinjury financial hardship among trauma survivors: a national survey study.
The purpose of this study was to investigate financial hardship before and after injury among trauma survivors using national data. Researchers analyzed the 2014-2021 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, comparing injured adults (18-64 years old) to matched uninjured controls. The study included a weighted sample representing over 79 million injured patients. Results showed that injured patients experienced an 8.2 percentage point increase in financial hardship (a 23% relative increase), with 40.6% reporting financial hardship post-injury. These patients also experienced a 4.5 percentage point increase in poor health status. Further analysis revealed that injured patients who reported difficulty with medical bills were more likely to delay care due to costs, and those who delayed care were more likely to report poor health outcomes.
No mention of funding in article. Disclosure form mentions 大象视频with grant number - "support for the present manuscript."
Citation: Clark NM, Hernandez AH, Knowlton LM . Pre- and postinjury financial hardship among trauma survivors: a national survey study. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2025 May; 98(5):720-28. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000004545.
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Trauma, Injuries and Wounds
Hart LD, Kallepali P, Castater CA
A scoping review of trauma-informed language in the care of injured patients.
This scoping review evaluated the literature on the education, guidance, and outcomes associated with trauma-informed language (TIL) use with traumatically injured patients including gunshot or other violent injuries. Although there were 2401 total studies reviewed, only 20 were selected for full-text review and of those only three fit the inclusion criteria for this study. The studies showed that TIL is rarely utilized when managing injured patients, which can lead to communication challenges between trauma patients and providers. TIL can improve communication skills leading to patient satisfaction and mitigating post-traumatic symptoms in patients and physicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS029585.
Citation: Hart LD, Kallepali P, Castater CA . A scoping review of trauma-informed language in the care of injured patients. J Surg Res 2025 Apr; 308:264-69. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2025.02.037.
Keywords: Trauma, Injuries and Wounds, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Rosenman ED, Grand JA, Fernandez R
Validity evidence of a resuscitation team leadership assessment measure for use in actual trauma resuscitations.
The authors constructed a 12-item behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS) to measure trauma resuscitation team leadership in clinical settings. The team leadership BARS and a previously studied checklist-based team leadership measure produced convergent assessments of behavior; higher overall ratings on the BARS also correlated with better patient care delivery at the team level.
Citation: Rosenman ED, Grand JA, Fernandez R . Validity evidence of a resuscitation team leadership assessment measure for use in actual trauma resuscitations. AEM Educ Train 2025 Apr; 9(2):e11061. doi: 10.1002/aet2.11061.
Keywords: Trauma, Teams, Quality Measures, Quality of Care
Alpert E, Wood JN, Shults J
Variation in use of neuroimaging in the care of infants undergoing subspecialty evaluations for abuse: a multicenter study.
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to quantify hospital-level differences in the utilization of neuroimaging to evaluate for intracranial injury in infants undergoing subspecialty evaluations for physical abuse who did not show symptoms of head trauma. Variations were not linked to race/ethnicity or insurance type but were associated with younger age, rib fractures, and hospital practices, suggesting a need for standardized care guidelines.
AHRQ-funded; HS028847.
Citation: Alpert E, Wood JN, Shults J . Variation in use of neuroimaging in the care of infants undergoing subspecialty evaluations for abuse: a multicenter study. Acad Pediatr 2025 Mar; 25(2):102597. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2024.10.009..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Imaging, Brain Injury, Trauma
Hood CO, Higgins K, Becerra G
Pilot of a text messaging system to monitor caregivers' and children's mental health recovery after pediatric traumatic injury.
This feasibility pilot examined a text message-based symptom monitoring service for families after pediatric traumatic injury. The study included 25 caregivers of injured children under age 12 who received up to four daily texts for 30 days after discharge. These messages included questions about the mental health status of both caregiver and child, along with educational tips when symptoms were reported. Results showed strong engagement, with 91.1% of caregivers responding to at least one message and 66.6% responding to over half. Qualitative interviews revealed that caregivers found the timing and content helpful for emotional recovery. They suggested improvements including direct interaction options with mental health providers. The researchers conclude that text-based monitoring services can help address gaps in mental health services during acute recovery for families of traumatically injured children.
AHRQ-funded; HS028006.
Citation: Hood CO, Higgins K, Becerra G . Pilot of a text messaging system to monitor caregivers' and children's mental health recovery after pediatric traumatic injury. Psychol Trauma 2024 Dec; 16(suppl 3):S650-S57. doi: 10.1037/tra0001795.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Caregiving, Trauma, Behavioral Health, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Morrow EL, Nelson LA, Duff MC
An ecological momentary assessment and intervention tool for memory in chronic traumatic brain injury: development and usability of memory ecological momentary intervention.
This study aimed to develop and test the usability of memory ecological momentary intervention (MEMI), a text message-based assessment and intervention tool for memory in daily life for patients suffering from memory loss due to traumatic brain injury (TBI). The authors developed MEMI by recruiting 14 adults with chronic, moderate-severe TBI from the Vanderbilt Brain Injury Patient Registry to participate in 3 rounds of usability testing: one round of ThinkAloud sessions using the platform and providing real-time feedback to an experimenter (n=4) and 2 rounds of real-world usability testing in which participants used MEMI in their daily lives for a week and provided feedback (n=5/round). They analyzed engagement and quantitative and qualitative user feedback to assess MEMI's usability and acceptability. Participants rated MEMI as highly usable, with scores on the System Usability Scale across all rounds equivalent to an A+ on a standardized scale. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, where participants stated that MEMI was simple and easy to use, that daily retrieval sessions were not burdensome, and that they perceived MEMI as helpful for memory.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Morrow EL, Nelson LA, Duff MC . An ecological momentary assessment and intervention tool for memory in chronic traumatic brain injury: development and usability of memory ecological momentary intervention. JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol 2024 Nov 26; 11:e59630. doi: 10.2196/59630.
Keywords: Brain Injury, Trauma, Chronic Conditions
Anton NE, Obuseh M, Lim C
Nontechnical skills assessment in acute care trauma simulations: a mixed methods approach using eye tracking and behavioral marker systems.
This study employed a mixed methods approach to assess the relationship between trauma team leaders' objective gaze patterns and subjective expert nontechnical skills (NTS) ratings during patient care simulations. Nine trauma teams from first-year post-graduate general surgery and emergency medicine residents were recruited to participate in 1 of 2 trauma simulations. The results indicated that, when compared to other NTS domains, trauma teams scored relatively poorly on communication. There were also significant differences in trauma team leaders' gaze metrics between teammates and the patient. The authors concluded that their results provided several objective insights into trauma team leaders' NTS behaviors during patient care simulations, which may provide more comprehensive understanding of NTS behaviors and can be leveraged to guide NTS training of trauma physicians in the future.
AHRQ-funded; HS028026; 11001301.
Citation: Anton NE, Obuseh M, Lim C . Nontechnical skills assessment in acute care trauma simulations: a mixed methods approach using eye tracking and behavioral marker systems. Mil Med 2024 Aug 19; 189(suppl 3):719-27. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usae240..
Keywords: Trauma, Simulation, Training
Selden TM, Bernard DM, Decker SL
大象视频Author: Selden TM, Bernard DM, Decker SL, Fang Z
Adverse childhood experiences: health care utilization and expenditures in adulthood.
This study investigated the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adult health care utilization and expenditures using data from the 2021 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Adults with ACEs showed significantly higher health care utilization and 26.3% higher expenditures compared to those without ACEs. The aggregate spending difference amounted to $292 billion for the 157.6 million U.S. adults with ACEs. Additionally, ACEs were linked to poorer health status, risky health behaviors, and various adverse adult circumstances, including financial and housing issues.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Selden TM, Bernard DM, Decker SL . Adverse childhood experiences: health care utilization and expenditures in adulthood. Health Aff 2024 Jul 24; 43(8):1117-27. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2023.01271..
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Children/Adolescents, Trauma, Healthcare Utilization, Healthcare Costs
Ilkhani S, Naus AE, Pinkes N
The invisible scars: unseen financial complications worsen every aspect of long-term health in trauma survivors.
This study investigated financial toxicity (FT) among trauma survivors, aiming to understand its prevalence, risk factors, and impact on long-term outcomes. The researchers interviewed adult trauma patients with an Injury Severity Score of 9 or higher from Level I trauma centers, 6 to 14 months after discharge. FT was defined as experiencing income loss, lack of care, newly applied or qualified governmental assistance, new financial problems, or work loss due to injury. The study found that 44% of the 577 participants experienced some form of FT. Protective factors against FT included older age and stronger social support networks. Conversely, having two or more comorbidities, lower education levels, and injuries from road accidents or intentional causes were associated with higher FT risk. Notably, injury severity, sex, and single-family household status did not show significant relationships with FT. Patients experiencing FT demonstrated worse outcomes across all health domains measured by the Patient Reported Outcome Measure Index System (PROMIS). A negative linear relationship was observed between FT severity and both mental and physical health scores.
AHRQ-funded; HS028672.
Citation: Ilkhani S, Naus AE, Pinkes N . The invisible scars: unseen financial complications worsen every aspect of long-term health in trauma survivors. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2024 Jun; 96(6):893-900. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000004247..
Keywords: Trauma, Healthcare Costs, Health Status, Injuries and Wounds
Adams DR, P茅rez-Flores NJ, Mabrouk F DR, P茅rez-Flores NJ, Mabrouk F
Assessing access to trauma-informed outpatient mental health services for adolescents: a mystery shopper study.
A mystery shopper study examined the accessibility of trauma-informed mental health services for adolescents in Cook County, Illinois safety-net clinics. Posing as mothers of traumatized children, researchers were only able to schedule appointments in 17% of calls to community mental health centers (CMHCs) and federally qualified health centers (FQHCs). Appointment denials were primarily due to capacity constraints at CMHCs (67%) and administrative requirements to switch providers at FQHCs (62%). Notably, non-White callers were less likely to be offered an appointment than White callers, raising concerns about potential racial bias in scheduling practices. Wait times averaged 12 days, with CMHCs offering shorter wait times than FQHCs. Only 38% of schedulers reported offering trauma-informed therapy at their centers. These findings reveal significant disparities and barriers to accessing crucial mental health services for adolescents, particularly those from marginalized backgrounds.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Adams DR, P茅rez-Flores NJ, Mabrouk F DR, P茅rez-Flores NJ, Mabrouk F . Assessing access to trauma-informed outpatient mental health services for adolescents: a mystery shopper study. Psychiatr Serv 2024 May; 75(5):402-09. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.20230198..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Trauma, Access to Care
O'Connor KE, Shanholtz CE, Espeleta HC
Mental health symptoms and engagement in a stepped-care mental health service among patients with a violent versus nonviolent injury.
This study examined differences in engagement between survivors of nonviolent versus violent injury in the Trauma Resilience and Recovery Program (TRRP), a technology-enhanced model designed to provide evidence-based mental health screening and treatment. Data was analyzed from adult patients enrolled in TRRP and admitted to a Level-I trauma service. Results showed that engagement in services at bedside was similar for survivors of violent and nonviolent traumatic injury; patients with a violent injury had higher levels of posttraumatic stress disorder and depressive symptoms 30 days after injury, but were less likely to engage in mental health screening. The authors concluded that patients with violent traumatic injury have higher levels of mental health needs but face greater barriers to accessing services. Effective strategies are needed to ensure continuity of care and access to mental health care.
AHRQ-funded; HS028006.
Citation: O'Connor KE, Shanholtz CE, Espeleta HC . Mental health symptoms and engagement in a stepped-care mental health service among patients with a violent versus nonviolent injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2024 Apr; 96(4):650-57. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000004078..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Patient and Family Engagement, Trauma
Aghaei P, Bayramzadeh S
Clinicians鈥 experience with technology within the physical environment of trauma rooms: a focus group study.
This study鈥檚 objective was to investigate how trauma team members perceive technological equipment and tools in the trauma room (TR) environment and to identify how the technological equipment could be optimized in relation to the TR鈥檚 space. The authors conducted a total of 21 focus group sessions with 69 trauma team members, all of whom worked in Level I TRs from six teaching hospitals in the USA. Findings were analyzed and categorized into three parent themes: imaging equipment, assistive devices, and room features. The results suggest that trauma team members place high importance on the availability and versatility of the technological equipment in the TR environment. CT-scanners were not usually optimized for easy access to the TR. Other suggestions included the implementation of cameras and screens to accommodate situation awareness, and the rapid sharing of data such as imaging results. This study will inform health-care designers with the knowledge they need to make informed decisions when designing TRs. It covers key considerations such as room layout, equipment selection, lighting and controls.
AHRQ-funded; HS027261.
Citation: Aghaei P, Bayramzadeh S . Clinicians鈥 experience with technology within the physical environment of trauma rooms: a focus group study. Facilities 2024 Mar 12. 2024/02/14..
Keywords: Workflow, Teams, Emergency Department, Trauma
Held P, Smith LJ, Parmar AM
patient history, years of practice, familiarity with the patient, concerns with patient medication adherence, and practice type.
A comparative study evaluated treatment outcomes for veterans receiving intensive PTSD therapy programs of different durations. The research tracked 638 participants in a two-week program and 496 in a three-week program, measuring PTSD and depression symptoms over twelve months. The two-week program delivered cognitive processing therapy twice daily, while the three-week version included both individual and group sessions with additional services. Both programs demonstrated significant improvement in PTSD and depression symptoms, with the shorter program achieving similar therapeutic benefits despite fewer clinical hours.
AHRQ-funded; HS028511.
Citation: Held P, Smith LJ, Parmar AM . patient history, years of practice, familiarity with the patient, concerns with patient medication adherence, and practice type. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2024; 15(1):2350908. doi: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2350908.
Keywords: Depression, Behavioral Health, Stress, Trauma
Scaife JH, Bryce JR, Iantorno SE
Secondary undertriage of pediatric trauma patients across the United States emergency departments.
The term 鈥淯ndertriage鈥 refers to the treatment of patients at facilities lacking in the equipment needed to treat the patient's injuries appropriately. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to assess the relationship between patient and hospital characteristics and secondary undertriage in children after major trauma. The researchers utilized the 2019 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample and included patients aged less than 18 years of age if they presented to a Level 3 or non-trauma center (NTC) and were diagnosed with a traumatic injury with an injury severity score of greater than 15 based on International Classification of Diseases 10 codes. The study found that of 6,572 weighted patients, 15% were undertriaged. Undertriage was significantly associated with older age, metropolitan location, and major abdominal injuries. After multivariable adjustment, secondary undertriage was significantly associated with patients aged 6-10 years of age compared to patients aged 15-17 years, penetrating injury, major chest injury, and presentation at a teaching hospital.
AHRQ-funded; HS025776.
Citation: Scaife JH, Bryce JR, Iantorno SE . Secondary undertriage of pediatric trauma patients across the United States emergency departments. J Surg Res 2024 Jan; 293:37-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.07.054..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Trauma, Injuries and Wounds
Scott JW, Knowlton LM, Murphy P
Financial toxicity after trauma and acute care surgery: from understanding to action.
The negative impact of major injuries and surgical emergencies on patients鈥 long-term financial wellbeing is a factor that is often overlooked by clinicians and researchers. The concept of financial toxicity includes the objective financial repercussions of illness and medical care and also subjective financial concerns of patients. The purpose of this review was to 1) provide a conceptual overview of financial toxicity after trauma or emergency surgery, 2) outline what is known about the long-term economic outcomes among trauma and emergency surgery patients, 3) examine the relationship between financial toxicity and long-term physical and mental health outcomes, 4) describe policies and programs that may mitigate financial toxicity, and 5) identify the current knowledge gaps and urgent next steps for clinicians and researchers engaged in this area of work.
AHRQ-funded; HS028672.
Citation: Scott JW, Knowlton LM, Murphy P . Financial toxicity after trauma and acute care surgery: from understanding to action. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023 Nov 1; 95(5):800-05. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003979..
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Trauma, Surgery
Held P, Splaine CC, Smith DL
Examining trauma cognition change trajectories among initial PTSD treatment non-optimal responders: a potential avenue to guide subsequent treatment selection.
The purpose of this study was to examine negative post-trauma cognitions (NPCs) change trajectories in individuals who were determined to be non-optimally responsive to intensive PTSD treatment. The researchers utilized a 3-week Cognitive Processing Therapy-based intensive PTSD treatment (ITP) sample of 243 participants. Analyses were replicated in a separate 2-week ITP sample of 215 participants. The study found that in both non-optimal responder samples, two trajectories emerged; a no NPC change group which represented those with an overall lack of NPC change throughout treatment and an NPC change group which represented those with an overall reduction of NPCs occurring primarily later in treatment. Changes in PTSD symptom severity during treatment was the only consistent predictor of NPC change trajectory group membership among treatment non-optimal responders across ITPs.
AHRQ-funded; HS028511.
Citation: Held P, Splaine CC, Smith DL . Examining trauma cognition change trajectories among initial PTSD treatment non-optimal responders: a potential avenue to guide subsequent treatment selection. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 14(2):2237361. doi: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2237361..
Keywords: Trauma, Behavioral Health, Stress
Jones EK, Ninkovic I, Bahr M
A novel, evidence-based, comprehensive clinical decision support system improves outcomes for patients with traumatic rib fractures.
This study鈥檚 objective to investigate if a traumatic rib fracture clinical decision support system (CDSS) reduced hospital length of stay (LOS), 90-day and 1-year mortality, unplanned ICU transfer, and the need for mechanical ventilation. The CDSS included an admission evidence-based (EB) order set and a pain-inspiratory-cough (PIC) score early warning system (EWS). The CDSS was implemented at 9 US trauma centers, with 3,279 patients meeting inclusion criteria. Hospital LOS pre vs post-intervention was unchanged but unplanned transfer to the ICU was reduced, as was 1-year mortality. Provider utilization was associated with significantly reduced LOS. The EWS triggered on 34.4% of patients; however, it was not associated with a significant reduction in hospital LOS.
AHRQ-funded; HS026379.
Citation: Jones EK, Ninkovic I, Bahr M . A novel, evidence-based, comprehensive clinical decision support system improves outcomes for patients with traumatic rib fractures. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023 Aug 1; 95(2):161-71. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003866..
Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Health Information Technology (HIT), Evidence-Based Practice, Injuries and Wounds, Trauma
Nguyen JK, P P
Comparison of survival outcomes among older adults with major trauma after trauma center versus non-trauma center care in the United States.
This study鈥檚 objective was to compare level 1 and 2 trauma centers with similarly sized non-trauma centers on survival after major trauma among older adults. The authors used claims of 100% of 2012-2017 Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries who received hospital care after major trauma. They assessed the roles of prehospital care, hospital quality, and volume. Thirty-day mortality was higher overall at level 1 versus non-trauma centers by 2.2 percentage points (pp). Thirty-day mortality was higher at level 1 versus non-trauma centers by 2.3 pp for falls and 2.3 pp for motor vehicle crashes. Outcomes were similar at level 1 and 2 trauma centers. The difference was not explained by hospital quality and volume. There were also no statistical differences in the ambulance-transported group, after adjusting for prehospital variables.
AHRQ-funded; HS025720.
Citation: Nguyen JK, P P . Comparison of survival outcomes among older adults with major trauma after trauma center versus non-trauma center care in the United States. Health Serv Res 2023 Aug; 58(4):817-27. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.14148..
Keywords: Elderly, Trauma, Outcomes, Injuries and Wounds, Emergency Department, Hospitals
Morrow EL, Mayberry LS, Duff MC
The growing gap: a study of sleep, encoding, and consolidation of new words in chronic traumatic brain injury.
Evidence from neuroscience emphasizes sleep as a crucial support for longitudinal memory and word learning. In numerous lab-based word learning experiments, participants encode and then retrieve new words within the same session. Single session designs are not adequate for capturing the full word learning process. Single session studies also inhibit exploration of the role of behavioral and lifestyle factors such as sleep in supporting longitudinal word learning. Adults with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI), who experience challenges in the memory systems that support word learning and report related sleep disturbance, provide a unique opportunity to explore linkages between memory, sleep, and word learning. The purpose of this study was to evaluate longitudinal word learning and the influence of sleep on short- and long-term word recall in 50 adults with chronic moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 50 demographically matched neurotypical peers. Participants took part in the study over a two week period in their homes in an attempt to capture the process of real-world word learning and to measure sleep within normal living conditions. The study found that participants with TBI demonstrated a deficit in word learning that started at encoding, continued across time, and increased over the course of the week. The gap in performance between groups was greater at the 1-week post-test than the immediate post-test. Participants with and without TBI recalled more words when they slept after learning.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Morrow EL, Mayberry LS, Duff MC . The growing gap: a study of sleep, encoding, and consolidation of new words in chronic traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychologia 2023 Jun 6; 184:108518. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108518..
Keywords: Brain Injury, Chronic Conditions, Sleep Problems, Trauma
Stonko DP, Weller JH, Gonzalez Salazar AJ
A pilot machine learning study using trauma admission data to identify risk for high length of stay.
The purpose of this study was to design a tool that used only data available at time of admission for trauma to predict prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS). Data was collected from the trauma registry at an urban level-one adult trauma center. Single layer and deep artificial neural networks were trained to identify patients in the top quartile of LOS and optimized under the receiver operator characteristic curve. The results indicated that machine learning can predict which trauma patients will have prolonged LOS with physiologic and demographic data available at the time of admission. The authors concluded these patients may benefit from additional disposition planning resources at the time of admission.
AHRQ-funded; HS026640; HS024547; HS027793.
Citation: Stonko DP, Weller JH, Gonzalez Salazar AJ . A pilot machine learning study using trauma admission data to identify risk for high length of stay. Surg Innov 2023 Jun; 30(3):356-65. doi: 10.1177/15533506221139965..
Keywords: Trauma, Hospitalization, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Goldstein E, King C, Crits-Cristoph P
The association between trauma and interpersonal problems in a United States community mental health setting.
Prior studies have established connections between traumatic experiences and issues in interpersonal relationships. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of trauma on interpersonal difficulties in depressed individuals seeking assistance within a community mental health framework. The study included 453 patients who sought treatment and were screened for a comparative effectiveness analysis of depression therapies. The relationship between the 32-item Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-32) and trauma indicators was investigated. The study found that a staggering 99.1% of participants had undergone a traumatic event. Notable correlations were identified between the total count of traumas, the number of sexually and physically abusive traumas, and factors such as gender and ethnicity. The number of sexually abusive traumas demonstrated a significant connection to the IIP-32 "excessively nurturing" subscale. After adjusting for demographic variables and other IIP-32 subscales, the overall number of traumas retained a significant association with the IIP-32 "excessively nurturing" category.
AHRQ-funded; HS018440
Citation: Goldstein E, King C, Crits-Cristoph P . The association between trauma and interpersonal problems in a United States community mental health setting. J Clin Psychol 2023 Apr;79(4):1192-207. doi: 10.1002/jclp.23467.
Keywords: Trauma, Behavioral Health, Community-Based Practice
Kaufman EJ, Khatri U, Hall EC
Law enforcement in the trauma bay: a survey of members of the American Academy for the Surgery of Trauma.
This study surveyed members of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) to assess their perspectives on frequency, circumstances, and implications of law enforcement officer (LEO) presence in trauma bays nationwide. The survey was distributed electronically to AAST members in September and October 2020, with 234 responding. Of those respondents, 189 (80.7%) were attending surgeons, 169 (72.2%) identified as white, and 144 (61.5%) as male. 187 respondents (79.9%) observed LEO presence at least weekly. Respondents found LEOs helpful for public safety, followed by clinical care, and then for patients. Older respondents rated LEO presence as helpful more often than younger respondents. Respondents assessed severity of the patient's condition, the safety of emergency department staff, the safety of LEOs, and a patient's potential role as a threat to public safety when determining LEO access.
AHRQ-funded; HS026372.
Citation: Kaufman EJ, Khatri U, Hall EC . Law enforcement in the trauma bay: a survey of members of the American Academy for the Surgery of Trauma. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2023 Mar 13;8(1):e001022. doi: 10.1136/tsaco-2022-001022.
Keywords: Trauma, Emergency Department
Wells KB, Skrine Jeffers K, Mango J
Integration of arts and health sciences in developing an opera on veteran resilience and recovery.
This case study describes development of an opera on veteran resilience and recovery that integrated arts and health sciences. The opera libretto was developed using themes informed from deidentified interviews from 280 adults with a history of depression at 10-year follow-up to a randomized trial. The opera was written using the following key themes: a) resilience in the face of stress; b) post-Vietnam depression or anxiety; c) pathways to recovery; and d) a 鈥渃ollage鈥 of coping strategies. Three main lead characters were developed including a lead veteran, the veteran鈥檚 wife, and a second veteran.
AHRQ-funded; HS008349.
Citation: Wells KB, Skrine Jeffers K, Mango J . Integration of arts and health sciences in developing an opera on veteran resilience and recovery. Health Promot Pract 2023 Mar; 24(2):207-13. doi: 10.1177/15248399211065402..
Keywords: Social Stigma, Trauma, Behavioral Health
Scott JW, Scott KW, Moniz M
Financial outcomes after traumatic injury among working-age US adults with commercial insurance.
This cross-sectional study linked insurance claims and consumer credit report data to evaluate the experience of financial distress in commercially insured adults after traumatic injury. Data from Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan鈥檚 preferred provider organization insurance claims from 2019 through 2021 were included. The authors identified working-age adults aged 21 to 64 whose January 2021 credit reports occurred more than 6 months after hospital admission for traumatic injury. This cohort of 3164 adults was compared demographically to 2223 patients in the comparison cohort. Relative to the comparison cohort, the post injury cohort had a 23% higher likelihood of having medical debt in collections, a 70% higher amount of medical debt in collections, and a 110% higher bankruptcy rate. For many commercially insured patients, the burden of out-of-pocket costs after hospitalization exceeded their ability to pay and could be associated with bankruptcy risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS028672; HS025465; HS028817.
Citation: Scott JW, Scott KW, Moniz M . Financial outcomes after traumatic injury among working-age US adults with commercial insurance. JAMA Health Forum 2022 Nov;3(11):e224105. doi: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.4105..
Keywords: Trauma, Healthcare Costs, Health Insurance
Bowden CF, Simmel C, Mendez A
The complexity of psychotropic medication prescription and treating trauma among youth in foster care: perspectives from the lived experience.
The purpose of this study was to examine stakeholders' perspectives of the relationship between psychotropic medications and trauma informed care (TIC) for youth in foster care. The researchers recruited foster caseworkers, prescribing clinicians, caregivers, and alumni of the foster care system and conducted semi-structured individual and group interviews. Data were recorded and transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a directed content analysis approach. Five themes emerged across the recorded and transcribed data within stakeholder groups: 1) acknowledging trauma; 2) role of psychotropic medication; 3) psychosocial resources; 4) additional supports; and, 5) training and education. Stakeholders identified TIC as an important component of mental health services for youth in foster care. Most stakeholders felt that psychotropic medication was overused in treating trauma. Respondents suggested including additional supportive team members to help guide youth through the mental health treatment system and stated the importance of support from individuals with common lived experiences. The study concluded that there is a need for: improved training and education for stakeholders, additional sources of support for youth in foster care, and an overall system that emphasizes trauma-sensitive clinical interactions and psychosocial supports.
AHRQ-funded; HS02600101A1.
Citation: Bowden CF, Simmel C, Mendez A . The complexity of psychotropic medication prescription and treating trauma among youth in foster care: perspectives from the lived experience. Adm Policy Ment Health 2022 Sep;49(5):821-33. doi: 10.1007/s10488-022-01203-4..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Vulnerable Populations, Behavioral Health, Trauma, Medication

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