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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by 大象视频or authored by 大象视频researchers.

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1 to 25 of 386 Research Studies Displayed
S谩nchez-D铆az CT, Fejerman L, Peterson C
Ethnic enclaves, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and obesity among Hispanic women in Chicago: a latent profile analysis approach.
This study鈥檚 aim was to identify neighborhood profiles based on ethnic enclaves and socioeconomic status to evaluate the association with obesity among Hispanic women in the metropolitan Chicago region. The researchers used a convenience sample of 24,884 Hispanic women over age 40 who obtained breast imaging from the largest healthcare organization in Chicago between 2010 and 2017. They conducted latent profile analysis (LPA) to characterize neighborhood composition based on tract indicators of ethnic enclaves, disadvantage, and affluence. The LPA model identified four latent profiles, based on their most significant characteristic as 鈥渕iddling,鈥, "disadvantage" "ethnic enclaves," and "affluent". They found that close to 50% of women in the disadvantage profile were obese and obese class II. Women in the disadvantage profile had the highest relative risk of being obese II (OR: 2.74), compared to women in the middling profile. Women in the ethnic enclave and affluent profiles were positively and negatively associated with obesity, respectively.
AHRQ-funded; HS018366.
Citation: S谩nchez-D铆az CT, Fejerman L, Peterson C . Ethnic enclaves, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and obesity among Hispanic women in Chicago: a latent profile analysis approach. Cancer Causes Control 2025 Jun; 36(6):567-75. doi: 10.1007/s10552-024-01952-7..
Keywords: Obesity, Women, Social Determinants of Health
Brewster AL, Hernandez E, Knox M
Addressing social and health needs in health care: characterizing case managers' work to address patient-defined goals.
The purpose of this study was to test quantitative process measures characterizing the work of social needs case managers assisting patients with diverse health-related needs. Researchers analyzed data from 7,076 patients working with 147 case managers in Contra Costa County, California's CommunityConnect program from 2018-2021. Using electronic health records, they examined case management intensity, duration, and outcomes across 19 categories of health and social goals. Results showed dental care (53%), food (40%), and housing (39%) were the most common goals. Housing goals required significantly more updates (mean 14.0) and longer duration (mean 417 days) than most other goals and were least likely to be resolved. Utilities, insurance, and medication coordination goals had the highest resolution rates. This suggests one-time referral interventions often need follow-up systems to meaningfully support social and health needs.
AHRQ-funded; HS022241.
Citation: Brewster AL, Hernandez E, Knox M . Addressing social and health needs in health care: characterizing case managers' work to address patient-defined goals. Health Serv Res 2025 May; 60(suppl 3):e14402. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.14402.
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health
Hegland TA, Day RT, Moynihan KM
大象视频Author: Hegland TA
Access to pediatric bed capacity according to social determinants of health: all beds are not created equal.
The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to study pediatric inpatient hospital capacity and resources and to characterize differences according to Social Determinants of Health (SDoH). Data on nonelective inpatient discharges were taken from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. The results showed that, although pediatric bed capacity was evenly distributed according to SDoH, hospitals that served under-represented, disadvantaged, and rural communities had less capability and resource availability.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Hegland TA, Day RT, Moynihan KM . Access to pediatric bed capacity according to social determinants of health: all beds are not created equal. J Pediatr 2025 Mar; 278:114447. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.114447..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Social Determinants of Health, Access to Care, Hospitals
Montgomery KB, McLeod MC, DePalo DK
Impact of social determinants of health on melanoma nodal surveillance in a multi-institutional cohort.
This study鈥檚 goal was to assess the impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) on melanoma nodal surveillance (NS) in a multi-institutional cohort. The cohort included adults with sentinel node-positive (SLN+) melanoma who received NS at nine cancer centers. Exposures measured included insurance status, travel distance, and CDC Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), a validated measure of area-level SDoH, indicated as 0 (low) to 1 (high) vulnerability. Primary outcome was nodal ultrasound (US) adherence and secondary outcomes combined-modality adherence and loss to follow-up (LTFU). There were no significant differences observed in US adherence based on sociodemographic covariates in regression analysis. Medicaid and uninsured patients had increased likelihood of LTFU.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Montgomery KB, McLeod MC, DePalo DK . Impact of social determinants of health on melanoma nodal surveillance in a multi-institutional cohort. Ann Surg Oncol 2025 Mar; 32(3):1453-62. doi: 10.1245/s10434-024-16498-w..
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Cancer
Bhavnani SK, Zhang W, Bao D
Subtyping social determinants of health in the "All of Us" program: network analysis and visualization study.
The purpose of this study was to analyze data from the All of Us television series to evaluate social determinants of health subtypes within the characters. The researchers identified four significant social determinants of health (SDoH) subtypes linked to adverse outcomes, such as depression and delayed care. Subtypes revealed distinct risk profiles, offering insights for targeted health interventions based on socio-economic and resource-related barriers.
AHRQ-funded; HS029891.
Citation: Bhavnani SK, Zhang W, Bao D . Subtyping social determinants of health in the "All of Us" program: network analysis and visualization study. J Med Internet Res 2025 Feb 11; 27:e48775. doi: 10.2196/48775..
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health
Gregory ME, Kasthurirathne SN, Magoc T
Development and validation of computable social phenotypes for health-related social needs.
The purpose of this study was to utilize electronic health record (EHR) data for food insecurity, housing instability, financial insecurity, transportation barriers, and a composite-type measure of all to develop and test computable phenotypes (CPs). Patient surveys served as validation standards, revealing that nearly two-thirds reported at least one social challenge. The CPs showed limited effectiveness, while machine learning models performed somewhat better but still achieved only moderate success. Important limitations included varying accuracy across demographic groups, with higher precision for White non-Hispanic individuals. Frequency of medical visits and Medicaid enrollment emerged as particularly informative variables.
AHRQ-funded; HS028636.
Citation: Gregory ME, Kasthurirathne SN, Magoc T . Development and validation of computable social phenotypes for health-related social needs. JAMIA Open 2025 Feb; 8(1):ooae150. doi: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooae150..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Social Determinants of Health
McKenna KJ, Fiori KP, Chambers EC
Children with chronic health conditions and social needs: investigating outcomes to drive health system improvements.
Researchers used logistic regression to evaluate chronic health conditions diagnoses in this cross-sectional study of pediatric patients screened for social needs in an urban health system. Results indicated that children with autism/developmental delay were most likely to have a social need; children with autism/developmental delay, anxiety/depression, and asthma were most likely to report specific social needs. The researchers concluded that health systems should screen for these needs to improve health outcomes.
AHRQ-authored; HS026396.
Citation: McKenna KJ, Fiori KP, Chambers EC . Children with chronic health conditions and social needs: investigating outcomes to drive health system improvements. Clin Pediatr 2024 Dec; 63(12):1698-707. doi: 10.1177/00099228241241896.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Chronic Conditions, Social Determinants of Health, Health Systems, Outcomes
Mazurenko O, Hirsh AT, Harle CA
Comparing the performance of screening surveys versus predictive models in identifying patients in need of health-related social need services in the emergency department.
This study compared the performance of screening surveys versus predictive models in identifying patients in need of health-related social need services in the emergency department (ED). Adult ED patients at a large safety-net hospital in the Midwest US were administered a screening questionnaire that included housing instability, food insecurity, transportation barriers, legal issues, and financial strain. The authors identified those patients likely in need of health-related social needs (HRSN)-related services within the next 30 days using positive indications from referrals, encounters, scheduling data, orders, or clinical notes. They built an XGBoost classification algorithm using responses from the screening questionnaire to predict HRSN needs (screening questionnaire model). They also extracted features from the past 12 months of existing electronic health record (EHR), administrative, and health information exchange data for the survey respondents. They build machine language (ML) predictive models with these EHR data using XGBoost (ML EHR model). Almost half of the patients had a positive indicator for a likely HRSN service need within the next 30 days. The screening question model had suboptimal performance. Including gender and age resulted in higher performance in the screening question model. The machine language EHR model had a higher performance. Adding gender and age did not improve the model. Screening questionnaire models showed bias, with the highest performance with non-Hispanic White patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS028008.
Citation: Mazurenko O, Hirsh AT, Harle CA . Comparing the performance of screening surveys versus predictive models in identifying patients in need of health-related social need services in the emergency department. PLoS One 2024 Nov 20; 19(11):e0312193. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312193..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Screening, Social Determinants of Health, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Fraiman YS, Rusk SA, Rich-Edwards J
The role of neighborhood on preterm birth among a high-risk group of birthing people in Boston, MA.
This study examined the role of neighborhoods on preterm birth (PTB), specifically among high-risk birthing people. The authors used the Boston Birth Cohort, a longitudinal birth cohort of birthing people-infant dyads at a safety-net hospital in Boston, MA to look at primary outcomes of preterm birth at 35 weeks or prior. The primary predictor used was neighborhood defined by census tract. Using multilevel models, they found that neighborhoods were a significant predictor of preterm birth yet accounted for only 3% of the variability in outcome. Models stratified by race, individual-level factors such prior preterm birth, nativity status, and advanced birthing age were shown to be significant predictors of PTB.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Fraiman YS, Rusk SA, Rich-Edwards J . The role of neighborhood on preterm birth among a high-risk group of birthing people in Boston, MA. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024 Nov 14; 24(1):755. doi: 10.1186/s12884-024-06957-3.
Keywords: Maternal Health, Women, Social Determinants of Health
Oyegoke S, Hughes PM, Gigli KH
Neighborhood-level social determinants of health and adolescent mental health.
This article examined associations between neighborhood-level social determinants of health (SDOH) and mental health diagnoses among hospitalized adolescents. Data was taken from Texas Inpatient Discharge Public Use Data Files linked to the zip-code level Child Opportunity Index 2.0. The results indicated that adolescents from racial minority populations and those in rural communities with mental health diagnoses had lower opportunity levels; higher opportunity levels were associated with greater odds of having an anxiety or suicide diagnosis, while depression diagnoses were associated with a lower opportunity level.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Oyegoke S, Hughes PM, Gigli KH . Neighborhood-level social determinants of health and adolescent mental health. https://www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39159893.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Social Determinants of Health, Behavioral Health, Depression, Anxiety
Chandran A, Feng X, Coburn SB
The contribution of socioeconomic factors to HIV RNA suppression in persons with HIV engaged in care in the NA-ACCORD.
A study using NA-ACCORD data investigated relationships between socioeconomic status (SES) and HIV viral suppression among people with HIV from 2010-2018. Using ZIP code-level indicators as proxies for individual SES, researchers found that lower income and education levels corresponded with decreased odds of viral suppression. While racial disparities persisted, with non-Hispanic Black participants showing lower viral suppression rates than non-Hispanic White participants, accounting for SES factors slightly reduced these disparities.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Chandran A, Feng X, Coburn SB . The contribution of socioeconomic factors to HIV RNA suppression in persons with HIV engaged in care in the NA-ACCORD. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2024 Nov 1; 97(3):232-41. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000003486.
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Social Determinants of Health
Wallace AS, Bristol AA, Johnson EP
Impact of social risk screening on discharge care processes and postdischarge outcomes: a pragmatic mixed-methods clinical trial during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Research evaluated a social risk screening protocol's impact at a 528-bed academic medical center, analyzing 4,130 patient discharges from medicine and surgical services. The implementation phase showed decreased family interaction and earlier discharge times. The study found no significant changes in patient-reported discharge readiness, post-discharge coping, readmissions, or emergency department visits. Healthcare providers expressed reservations about the structured assessment approach. The findings suggest that successful social risk screening programs require collaborative design with patients, families, and care teams, along with adequate resources for addressing identified needs.
AHRQ-funded; HS026248.
Citation: Wallace AS, Bristol AA, Johnson EP . Impact of social risk screening on discharge care processes and postdischarge outcomes: a pragmatic mixed-methods clinical trial during the COVID-19 pandemic. Med Care 2024 Oct; 62(10):639-49. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000002048..
Keywords: Hospital Discharge, Social Determinants of Health, COVID-19, Risk, Outcomes
Kilaru AS, Liao JM, Wang E
Association between mandatory bundled payments and changes in socioeconomic disparities for joint replacement outcomes.
This study鈥檚 objective was to determine whether mandatory participation by hospitals in bundled payments for lower extremity joint replacement (LEJR) was associated with changes in outcome disparities for patients dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid. The authors used Medicare claims data for beneficiaries undergoing LEJR in the United States between 2011 and 2017. They conducted a retrospective observational study using a differences-in-differences method to compare changes in outcome disparities between dual-eligible and non-dual eligible beneficiaries after hospital participation in the Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) program, with the primary outcome LEJR complications. In adjusted analysis, CJR participation was associated with a reduced difference in complications between dual-eligible and non-dual-eligible beneficiaries (-0.9 percentage points). The reduction in disparities was observed among hospitals without prior experience in a voluntary LEJR bundled payment model, and there were no differential changes in 90-day readmissions or mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS027595.
Citation: Kilaru AS, Liao JM, Wang E . Association between mandatory bundled payments and changes in socioeconomic disparities for joint replacement outcomes. Health Serv Res 2024 Oct; 59(5):e14369. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.14369..
Keywords: Disparities, Orthopedics, Surgery, Payment, Outcomes, Social Determinants of Health
Mazurenko O, Hirsh AT, Harle CA
A clinical decision support system for addressing health-related social needs in emergency department: defining end user needs and preferences.
This study鈥檚 objective was to identify emergency department (ED) clinician and staff preferences for designing and implementing a health-related social need (HRSN)-related clinical decision support (CDS) system. HRSNs include housing instability and food insecurity. The authors conducted 16 semistructured interviews with ED clinicians and staff, then three research team members observed ED workflows, focusing on patient entry and clinician and staff usage of the electronic health record (EHR) system. For the final part of the study, they conducted a 3-hour multidisciplinary design workshop. The clinicians and staff felt that an HRSN-related CDS system should be visually appealing, color-coordinated, and easily accessible in the EHR and it should also target a select group of ED patients (to be discharged from the ED) and highlight a select set of critical HRSN issues early in the workflow to adjust clinical care adequately. They also felt that the system should provide a list of actions and the ability to notify the clinical team if the patient鈥檚 HRSNs were addressed properly.
AHRQ-funded; HS028008.
Citation: Mazurenko O, Hirsh AT, Harle CA . A clinical decision support system for addressing health-related social needs in emergency department: defining end user needs and preferences. Appl Clin Inform 2024 Oct; 15(5):1097-106. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1791816..
Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Health Information Technology (HIT), Emergency Department, Social Determinants of Health
Cartier Y, Fichtenberg C, Grounds K
"We need to know these things": Use Cases for combined social and clinical data among primary care-based clinical and social care providers.
A qualitative study in San Diego County examined how healthcare providers view the integration of clinical and social data in primary care settings. Through interviews with 39 providers from six organizations, researchers identified three main benefits: comprehensive patient understanding, improved care customization, and enhanced team coordination. Both clinical and social care providers emphasized the value of accessing combined data sets to better serve patient needs, suggesting opportunities for practice innovations and improved care delivery systems.
AHRQ-funded; HS027394.
Citation: Cartier Y, Fichtenberg C, Grounds K . "We need to know these things": Use Cases for combined social and clinical data among primary care-based clinical and social care providers. J Prim Care Community Health 2024 Jan-Dec; 15. doi: 10.1177/21501319241286306.
Keywords: Primary Care, Social Determinants of Health, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Vulnerable Populations
Fowler ME, Harmon C, Tucker A
The association between social vulnerability and geriatric assessment impairments among older adults with gastrointestinal cancers-The CARE Registry.
Researchers examined the association between social vulnerability and aging outcomes among older adults with cancer. The study included adults aged 60 and older who were recently diagnosed with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer and were undergoing geriatric assessments (GAs) at their first prechemotherapy visit to the University of Alabama at Birmingham oncology clinic; outcomes were frailty and total number of GA impairments. The results indicated that greater social vulnerability was associated with a higher prevalence of frailty and an increasing average number of GA impairments. The researchers concluded that intervention on social vulnerability may decrease the risk of frailty and GA impairments, but associations of race and education should be further evaluated.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Fowler ME, Harmon C, Tucker A . The association between social vulnerability and geriatric assessment impairments among older adults with gastrointestinal cancers-The CARE Registry. Cancer 2024 Sep 15; 130(18):3188-97. doi: 10.1002/cncr.35390..
Keywords: Elderly, Cancer, Social Determinants of Health, Vulnerable Populations
De Marchis EH, Aceves B, Razon N
Adjusting clinical plans based on social context.
The authors conducted surveys/interviews to explore clinician perspectives and practices of adjusting medical care based on awareness of patients' social risk factors in a group of Texas community health centers (CHCs). Two main themes emerged: clinicians reported making frequent adjustments to patient care plans based on their awareness of patients' social contexts while expressing concerns about the adjustments, and awareness of patients' social risk factors. Clinician time, training, and experience all influenced clinician adjustments. Adjustments were made without specific guidelines or training. The authors concluded that standardization of adjustments may facilitate the contextualization of patient care through shared decisionmaking to improve outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022241.
Citation: De Marchis EH, Aceves B, Razon N . Adjusting clinical plans based on social context. J Am Board Fam Med 2024 Aug 14; 37(3):466-78. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230289R1..
Keywords: Community-Based Practice, Social Determinants of Health, Disparities
Harrison J, McDermott G, Dixon EL
Eligibility of emergency department patients for public benefit programs.
The objective of this study was to survey emergency department (ED) patients to determine the proportion that were eligible for unclaimed public benefits. In addition, the authors surveyed patients to assess whether screening for benefits eligibility in the ED was appropriate and explored strategies for optimal linkage to application services. The researchers determined whether patients were potentially eligible for benefits via an existing web-based screening application, Benefits Launch Express (BLX). The application determined eligibility among 15 benefits of interest. Out of 282 eligible patients approached in the ED, 202 completed the survey. A total of 129 had Medicaid only, 48 had Medicare only, and 7 had no health insurance. Of the 15 benefits assessments, participants were already enrolled in a mean of 1.1 benefits. However, participants were eligible for a mean of 3.7 additional unclaimed benefits. The most common benefits participants were eligible were earned income tax credit (EITC), Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), property tax/rent rebate, and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). Most participants (52.5%) reported having previously applied for benefits, with most (77.2%) reporting future interest in applying for benefits. The authors found that ED patients with no public or no health insurance were often eligible for unclaimed state or federal benefits.
AHRQ-funded; HS026372.
Citation: Harrison J, McDermott G, Dixon EL . Eligibility of emergency department patients for public benefit programs. Acad Emerg Med 2024 Aug; 31(8):820-23. doi: 10.1111/acem.14870..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Vulnerable Populations, Social Determinants of Health
Crook H, Horta M, Michelson KA
Performance of health care service area definitions for capturing variation in inpatient care and social determinants of health.
The objective of this study was to quantify the degree to which health care service area (HCSA) definitions captured hospitalizations and heterogeneity in social determinants of health (SDOH). The authors used geospatial data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the Census Bureau, and the Dartmouth Institute, Fee-For-Service Medicare data from 48 states, drive-time isochrones from MapBox. And 2017 inpatient discharge data from HCUP State Inpatient Databases for Arizona, Florida, Iowa, Maryland, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, and Wisconsin. The principal findings showed that HCSA definitions captured a wide range of inpatient discharges. The proportion of hospital discharges captured by each HCSA varied; Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) captured the highest proportion of discharges and Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMAs) captured the lowest. The authors noted that researchers face a trade-off between capture rate and population homogeneity when deciding which HCSA to use.
AHRQ-funded; HS025976.
Citation: Crook H, Horta M, Michelson KA . Performance of health care service area definitions for capturing variation in inpatient care and social determinants of health. Health Serv Res 2024 Aug; 59(4):e14312. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.14312..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Social Determinants of Health, Inpatient Care
Beck AF, Unaka NI, Kahn RS
A road map for population health and health equity research.
This article describes a roadmap for population health and health equity research. Population health is defined as 鈥渢he health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes within the group鈥. The authors developed a 4P鈥檚 road map for population health and health equity (PHHE) research capabilities, adapted from a 3T鈥檚 Road Map for translational research developed by Dougherty and Conway. P1 is defined as basic PHHE science, P2 translates building blocks into theory and prototype innovations, P3 generates ideas, change concepts, and hypotheses to be tested for efficacy, and P4 scales and spreads promising innovations for maximal impact. The authors use the Cincinnati Child Health-Law Partnership (Child HeLP) as an example of how P4 can be used. Child HeLP is a medical-legal partnership which addresses health-related social and legal needs like unstable housing and public health benefits denials. An example of each of the 鈥淧s鈥 is provided as a case study. A chart showing all the methods used for each of the Ps is also provided.
This article was included in the 大象视频News Now and mentions funding.
Citation: Beck AF, Unaka NI, Kahn RS . A road map for population health and health equity research. JAMA Pediatr 2024 Aug; 178(8):739-40. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.1550.
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Outcomes
Mazurenko O, Hirsh AT, Harle CA
Acceptance of automated social risk scoring in the emergency department: clinician, staff, and patient perspectives.
This study explored the acceptability of health-related social needs (HRSN) predictive modeling to patients, clinicians, and staff in the emergency department (ED). All participants either provided care or received care at an urban, Midwest safety-net hospital system. The authors analyzed interview transcripts using a modified thematic analysis approach with consensus coding. All participants agreed that HRSN predictive modeling must lead to actionable responses and positive patient outcomes. There were mixed opinions about using predictive modeling results to initiate automatic referrals to HRSN. Clinicians and staff wanted transparency on data inputs and usage, demanded high performance, and expressed concern for unforeseen consequences. Patients were concerned that prediction models can miss individuals who required services and might perpetuate biases.
AHRQ-funded; HS028008.
Citation: Mazurenko O, Hirsh AT, Harle CA . Acceptance of automated social risk scoring in the emergency department: clinician, staff, and patient perspectives. West J Emerg Med 2024 Jul; 25(4):614-23. doi: 10.5811/westjem.18577..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Social Determinants of Health
Manning ER, Duan Q, Taylor S
Development of a multimodal geomarker pipeline to assess the impact of social, economic, and environmental factors on pediatric health outcomes.
This study鈥檚 goal was to create a computational pipeline for attaching geomarkers, defined as contextual or geographic measures that influence or predict health, to electronic health records at scale, including developing a tool for matching addresses to parcels to assess the impact of housing characteristics on pediatric health. The authors created a geomarker pipeline to link residential addresses from hospital admissions at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) between July 2016 and June 2022 to place-based data. Linkage methods used included date of admission, geocoding to census tract, street range geocoding, and probabilistic address matching. They assessed 4 methods for probabilistic address matching. They characterized 124,244 hospitalizations experienced by 69,842 children admitted to CCHMC. There were 55,684 hospitalizations with residential addresses in Hamilton County, Ohio. All were matched to 7 temporal geomarkers, 97% were matched to 79 census tract-level geomarkers and 13 point-level geomarkers, and 75% were matched to 16 parcel-level geomarkers. Parcel-level geomarkers were linked using their exact address matching tool developed using the best-performing linkage method.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Manning ER, Duan Q, Taylor S . Development of a multimodal geomarker pipeline to assess the impact of social, economic, and environmental factors on pediatric health outcomes. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2024 Jun 20; 31(7):1471-78. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocae093.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Outcomes, Social Determinants of Health
Crook S, Dragan K, Woo JL
Impact of social determinants of health on predictive models for outcomes after congenital heart surgery.
Drupal date: Jun 18, 2024
The objective of this study was to characterize associations between social determinants and mortality for post-congenital heart surgery. Demographic and clinical data were obtained for all congenital heart surgeries from a locally held Congenital Heart Surgery Collaborative. Results indicated that multiple measures of social determinants of health explained variability in operative and longitudinal mortality at least as much as clinical comorbidities or prior cardiac surgery. Inclusion of social determinants minimally improved models' predictive performance. The authors concluded that, although indiscriminate inclusion of social determinants in clinical risk modeling can conceal inequities, thoughtful consideration can help centers understand their performance across populations and guide efforts to improve health equity.
AHRQ-funded; HS000055.
Citation: Crook S, Dragan K, Woo JL . Impact of social determinants of health on predictive models for outcomes after congenital heart surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024 Jun 18; 83(24):2440-54. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.03.430.
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Surgery, Outcomes
Kakara M, Martinak E, McCormick B
The bridging the gaps program: three decades of collaborative service-oriented learning in the health professions.
This article describes the long-term impacts of the Bridging the Gaps (BTG) program, a collaborative initiative between academic health institutions and community organizations established in 1991. The study analyzed feedback from program alumni and community partners. Among the alumni surveyed, a significant majority reported that the program broadened their understanding of health issues faced by vulnerable or economically disadvantaged populations (91.8%) and increased their interest in working with these populations (89.2%). The program also had substantial impacts on participants' clinical practice (91.0%), professional roles (93.9%), and research careers (58.7%). Community partners overwhelmingly found the partnership with the BTG program beneficial (97.2%). Many reported that BTG students brought previously unavailable resources to their organizations (67.1%) and that the program strengthened linkages between their agency and other organizations (77.1%). The authors highlight the BTG program as a model demonstrating growth and sustainability in integrating training on social determinants of health through service-oriented learning into health professions education.
AHRQ-funded; HS026116.
Citation: Kakara M, Martinak E, McCormick B . The bridging the gaps program: three decades of collaborative service-oriented learning in the health professions. Acad Med 2024 May; 99(5):500-05. doi: 10.1097/acm.0000000000005594..
Keywords: Education: Academic, Social Determinants of Health, Provider
Rogerson C, Owora A, Tu W
The influence of social and environmental determinants of health on hospitalizations for pediatric asthma.
This retrospective cohort used data from the Indiana Network for Patient Care state-wide health information exchange to determine the influence of social, environmental, and demographic factors on hospital admissions and readmissions for pediatric asthma. Participants were children aged 2-18 admitted to the hospital with a respiratory diagnostic code 2010-2021. Social and environmental determinants of health data were obtained from the Indiana Social Assets and Vulnerabilities Indicators using geocoding systems. A high social vulnerability index was associated with an increased rate of hospital admissions for pediatric asthma. No environmental determinants of health were significantly associated with hospitalization rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS029088.
Citation: Rogerson C, Owora A, Tu W . The influence of social and environmental determinants of health on hospitalizations for pediatric asthma. J Asthma 2024 May; 61(5):453-62. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2023.2288323..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Social Determinants of Health, Chronic Conditions, Hospitalization, Hospital Readmissions

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